Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing, China (People's Republic)
Background/Case Studies: Rh antibodies, especially anti-E, account for over 50% of irregular antibodies in China, with consequences such as hemolytic transfusion reactions. These complications significantly affect long-term transfusion recipients, newborns, and pregnant women, posing challenges for subsequent transfusions.Since 2022, our department has established the principle of Rh(C c D E e) five-antigen matching, with the help of Intelligent Blood MatchingSystem to realize the fusion infusion.In this study, we review medical records from 2022 to 2023 and compare data from 2020 to 2021, analyzing rates of isotype matching, irregular antibodiesand incidence of adverse reactions to assess the impact of this system.
Study
Design/Methods: The medical records of inpatients who required blood transfusions from 2020 to 2023 were reviewed. The microcolumn gel method was used to determine the patients' ABO blood groups, irregular antibodies, and to detect the Rh five antigens between the patients and the donors. The blood matching scores were on the basis of ABO and RhD blood group consistency, withfull Rh five antigen compatibility match scoring 90 points,less antigenic compatibility match scoring 60 points, avoidance of E antigensscoring 30 points and input of E antigens scoring 0 points. The validity period score wasalso addedfrom backward to forward. Based on patient'sRh blood type results, the system scores all available donors and recommends the one with the highest score for serological cross-matching with the patient's blood sample.The system also recorded adverse reactions and analyzed transfusions for Rh five antigen compatibility.
Results/Findings:
It revealed an increasing proportion of matches above 90 points annually, which were 33%, 33%, 47.5% and 56.3% respectively.Matches in lower score ranges decreased, notably in the 0-29 score range.
Following the implementation of Rh-matched transfusions in 2022, the proportion of Rh antibodies decreased significantlyfrom 43% to 38%, and remained stable in 2023.
Analysis the incidenceof adverse reactionsshowed a downward trend with increasing annual transfusions, particularly those caused by Rh mismatched transfusions.
Conclusions: The study demonstrates an increasing Rh blood group five-antigen isotype matching rate following the implementation of the Intelligent Blood MatchingSystem, along with a decreasing percentage of Rh antibodies. The incidence of adverse reactions declined, as did Rh incompatibility infusion. This underscores the role of Rh group compatible transfusions in reducing adverse reactions.The use of the Blood MatchingSystem facilitates Rh blood group five-antigen compatibility transfusions, reducing Rh blood group system antibody production, decreasing adverse reaction, and enhancing transfusion safety. It also improves transfusion precision and effectiveness.Additionally, it canreplace less efficient manual searches.
