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Immunohematology and Genetic Testing (red cells, leukocytes and platelets)

(P-IG-28) Non-ABO red cell antigen mismatch and post-transplant complication

Sunday, October 20, 2024
12:00 PM - 1:00 PM  

    Presenting Author(s)

  • JW

    Junaid Wali, MBBS

    Stanford University Medical Center, California, United States

Background/Case Studies: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapeutic option in various hematologic disorders. Selection of the donor is based upon human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility with the recipient. Incompatibility for ABO and non-ABO system blood groups presents challenges. Specifically, recipients alloimmunized against non-ABO red cell antigens may be at risk for delayed red cell engraftment (defined as >30 days).   

Study

Design/Methods: The clinical course of three patients with non-ABO alloantibodies underwent HSCT. Patients were assessed for red cell transfusion burden and day of RBC engraftment.  Results are summarized in Table 1

Results/Findings:

Average age of our cohort was 66 (range 60-73) and four distinct alloantibodies were detected. Alloimmunization led to longer than average red cell engraftment.

Conclusions:

Non-ABO red cell alloantibodies could have important and significant implications for the post transplantation red cell transfusion support. Daratumumab and other emerging therapies could have an important role in this domain to help improve patient outcomes, however, more research is needed.